Membrane technology has advanced significantly over the last ten years and used increasingly in a variety of industrial applications from water purification, to soluble oil treatment. There are four main types of membrane filtration available, each with their own functions and applications.

Types of membrane filtration  
  1. Micro filtration (MF) will remove particles from approximately 0.1 to 10 microns in size, which includes bacteria and fine solids.
  2. Ultra filtration (UF) will remove particles from approximately 0.005 to 0.05 microns in size, which includes oil emulsions, pigments and colloids.
  3. Nano filtration (NF) will remove particles from approximately 0.0005 to 0.005 microns in size, which includes sugars, heavy metals, dyes, surfactants and minerals.
  4. Reverse osmosis (RO) allows the finest filtration and will remove particles approximately from 0.0001 to 0.001 microns in size, including salts, metal ions and minerals.

    All four membrane types will allow water to pass through.


RO and NF membranes are capable of separating substances as small as ions and are typically rated by terms of percent salt rejection and flow. The extent of the separation depends on the charge of the particles.

UF and MF membranes reject larger molecules on the basis of size, and are typically rated in terms of pore size, or porosity.

In waste soluble oil treatment applications, where the filtered treated water or `permeate' is being discharged to drain, tight pore membranes, in the range of 0.005 microns, are selected for maximum oil and dirt retention.

In aqueous cleaner recycling applications where the objective is water and cleaner reuse, larger pore membranes (0.05 to 0.3 microns) are employed to insure maximum passage of cleaner while still rejecting virtually all of the contaminants that degrade cleaner performance. Since filtration is based on simple mechanical principles, it eliminates the variability often associated with other wastewater processing techniques such as chemical treatment.

By using a properly designed Eco Technology Limited "Ecomem" membrane system, our users have the assurance that only the desired molecules will pass through the membrane barriers, and through electronic controls and automatic operation, operator input is minimised.


Membrane technology
Micro filtration
Nano filtration
Ultra filtration
Reverse osmosis
Applications & technical support
Definitions
FOCUS on oily effluents


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